Meridian Knowledge Hub

Citadel Advisors amended SEC filing: what it discloses

Citadel Advisors LLC submitted an amended SEC filing that discloses reported portfolio value, reported positions, and selected option positions as filing-date disclosures.

$875,011,794,337

BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ SEC holdings filing dated 2026-08-14

BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ submitted its SEC holdings filing dated 2026-08-14, disclosing $1,552,074,225,223 across 5665 reported positions.

$1,552,074,225,223

Bank of America 2026 SEC filing: institutional exposure led by NVIDIA, Apple, and Microsoft

BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ disclosed $1,367,983,567,206 across 5689 reported positions, led by large reported exposures to NVIDIA, Apple, Microsoft, broad index funds, and major financial-sector holdings.

JPMORGAN CHASE & CO SEC filing dated 2026-08-12: disclosed portfolio and positions

JPMORGAN CHASE & CO's SEC filing dated 2026-08-12 disclosed $1,807,041,234,839 in total reported portfolio value across 7720 reported positions.

$1,807,041,234,839

FMR LLC Filing Dated 2026-05-15: What It Discloses

FMR LLC submitted a Form 13F-HR filing dated 2026-05-15. The filing discloses $1,898,434,661,409 across 5417 reported positions.

$1,898,434,661,409

FMR LLC filing dated 2026-08-13: what it discloses

FMR LLC submitted a filing dated 2026-08-13 that disclosed $2,303,878,429,723 in reported portfolio value across 5572 reported positions.

$2,303,878,429,723

Reported portfolio value

Average short volume ratio for any given stock on any given day — making raw short volume data nearly meaningless without context

Deep Dive DARKPOOL

Dark Pool Short Volume: What Institutional Shorting Data Really Tells You

Dark pool short volume ratio — the percentage of off-exchange trades that are labeled 'short' — is one of the most misunderstood metrics in retail investing. The common assumption that high short volume is bearish is largely wrong; most dark pool 'short' volume represents market-maker hedging and intraday liquidity operations, not directional bearish bets. The real signal comes from sustained anomalies in the Dark Pool Index (DPI) and statistical Z-scores that distinguish genuine institutional accumulation from routine activity. Meridian's dark pool module applies these filters to surface the trades that actually matter.

~50%

Meridian Confluence Score for NVDA — bearish direction, driven by institutional and superinvestor net selling despite congressional purchases

Market Insight MULTI

NVDA Smart Money Signals: What Congress, Insiders & Dark Pools Reveal

This article is a dated early-March-2026 snapshot of conflicting public signals, not a current rating or forecast. Review each source date before using it as research context.

92/100

Legal deadline for members of Congress to disclose a reportable stock trade under the STOCK Act

guide CONGRESS

How to Evaluate Congress Stock Trackers in 2026

Evaluate a congressional trading tracker by reproducing a sample against primary disclosures. Vendor features and prices change; source traceability, date semantics, amendments, and coverage gaps matter more than static rankings.

45 days

Days to Cover, Cost to Borrow, and Short Interest % of Float frame every squeeze setup

Deep Dive SHORT_INTEREST

Short Squeeze Mechanics: DTC, Cost to Borrow, and the Squeeze Signal

Short squeezes occur when heavily shorted stocks experience rapid price appreciation, forcing short sellers to buy shares to cover positions and creating a feedback loop of rising prices. The key metrics—Days to Cover (DTC), Cost to Borrow (CTB), and Short Interest % of Float—describe how constrained short positions are. When DTC is elevated, CTB is high, and a catalyst emerges (earnings beat, insider buying, activist involvement), the conditions that have historically preceded squeezes are in place. Academic research and case studies (GameStop 2021, Tesla 2020, Porsche/VW 2008) illustrate the mechanics.

3 metrics

Tutorial MULTI

Meridian Quick Start: A Source-First Research Workflow

Start with a research question, open the relevant source view, verify the original record and timestamp, then compare independent evidence. Meridian scores organize research; they do not predict returns or prescribe trades.

Three or more executives independently buying their own stock in a tight window — the rarest and highest-conviction pattern in Form 4 data

Signal Guide INSIDER

Insider Cluster Buying: The Strongest Signal in SEC Filings

Insider cluster buying occurs when three or more C-suite executives or directors purchase company shares on the open market within a tight 14-day window. Academic research on insider trading (Alldredge & Blank, Journal of Financial Research, 2019) finds that clustered insider purchases are associated with higher subsequent abnormal returns than solitary purchases, consistent with clustering reflecting shared information rather than coincidence. The signal is compelling because it filters noise: while one person might buy for personal reasons, three executives buying simultaneously points to a shared conviction that the stock is undervalued or a positive catalyst is near. Meridian automatically detects cluster events from SEC Form 4 filings and flags them in real time.

Signal Guide CONFLUENCE

How to Read a Smart Money Confluence Score

A confluence score organizes available public signals into a research ranking. Read the source details, timestamps, conflicts, and missing inputs before the number. The score does not estimate returns or prescribe an investment action.

Deep Dive MULTI

Institutional Disclosures vs Retail: What Public Records Can Show

“Smart money” is a media label, not proof of superior performance. Public records can support research when their scope, lag, provenance, amendments, and interpretation limits remain visible.

strategy CONFLUENCE

Using Smart-Money Signals in a Research Workflow

Public signals can prioritize research, but they do not determine a trade or portfolio allocation. A careful workflow verifies the source, compares independent evidence, adds business context, documents uncertainty, and keeps risk decisions outside the signal score.

Deep Dive OPTIONS

Options Flow & Unusual Activity: How to Interpret the Record

Options records describe contracts and execution, not beneficial ownership or motive. Review spreads, rolls, event risk, liquidity, volatility, and delayed open interest before interpreting unusual activity.

Disclosure frequency — 90 days ahead of 13F

Signal Guide ARK

ARK Invest: Tracking Cathie Wood's Disruptive Bets

ARK Invest publishes its full ETF holdings every single trading day — a roughly 90-day transparency advantage over traditional 13F filings. This gives a near-real-time read on an active manager's conviction and on where its own order flow is adding buying or selling pressure, though ARK's concentrated small-cap positions amplify both the opportunity and the volatility.

Daily

Tutorial DARKPOOL

What Is Dark Pool Trading? Records, Limits, and Common Misreadings

Dark pools are regulated non-displayed venues. Public trade reports and FINRA ATS aggregates have different timing and fields, and neither normally identifies the beneficial owner, motive, or future direction.

Signal Guide MULTI

How to Read Meridian's Conviction Score

The Meridian Conviction Score ranks publicly reported signal records associated with a ticker. It is not intrinsic value, expected return, or an investor's stated conviction. Use it to open and verify the underlying evidence.

Market Insight 13F

How to Read Berkshire Hathaway's 13F Filings

Berkshire Hathaway's 13F is a delayed snapshot of specified securities, not a live or complete portfolio. Tie each claim to the SEC filing, quarter, accession number, share class, and amendments.

Tickers tracked with short interest and squeeze scoring

Tutorial SHORT-INTEREST

Short Interest Reports Explained: How to Read FINRA Data and Spot Short Squeezes

Short interest data, published by FINRA twice monthly, measures the total number of shares sold short in a stock as a percentage of the float. The key metrics for squeeze analysis are the short interest ratio (days to cover), cost to borrow, and rate of change in short positions. Meridian tracks short interest data across 8,600+ US tickers with automated squeeze scoring to surface the highest-risk short positions.

8,600+

strategy

Short Squeeze Research Guide 2026: Mechanics, Evidence, and Risks

A short squeeze is a market feedback loop, not a fixed screen. Short interest, days to cover, borrow conditions, float, liquidity, dilution, and catalysts are dated evidence with different limitations.

Market Insight CONGRESS

Congressional Stock-Trading Restrictions in 2026: Reading the Proposals

H.R. 7008 was introduced in January 2026 and reported by committee in February 2026. Reporting is not enactment; use Congress.gov for current status and avoid inferring motive or returns from delayed transaction disclosures.

Signal Guide CONFLUENCE

Signal Confluence: Comparing Independent Public Disclosures

Signal confluence means several independently produced public records relate to the same ticker. It can help prioritize research, but source independence, provenance, and timing must be verified. Meridian's aggregate display is a ranking aid, not a return forecast or trading instruction.

Deep Dive DARK-POOL,INSIDER,CONGRESS

Market Regime Indicators: How to Read Changing Market Conditions

Meridian summarizes current US market conditions as Green, Yellow, or Red using available volatility, equity-trend, and credit-stress inputs. The label is context for reading other signals; it does not predict returns, change the underlying data, or guarantee that a strategy will work. When too few current inputs are available, Meridian reports the regime as unavailable instead of filling gaps with old or synthetic values.

Context states: Green, Yellow, and Red

2026-07-10 Read

Deep Dive DARK-POOL,CONGRESS,INSIDER,ARK,OPTIONS

Best Unusual Whales Alternatives in 2026: Free and Paid Options Compared

Unusual Whales excels at options flow visualization and community, but costs $29-90 per month and lacks multi-source confluence scoring. Meridian aggregates 9 signal sources including dark pool, congress, insider, and crypto into a single conviction score. For free dark pool and congress data, Meridian's free tier and FINRA ATS reports are the best starting points.

Signal sources in one platform

Typical fraction of large-cap US equity volume that trades through dark pools on any given day — the signal hiding in plain sight

Deep Dive DARKPOOL

Best Free Dark Pool Data Tools & Sites in 2026

Dark pool data is more accessible in 2026 than ever before, but most free sources give you raw volume numbers that require significant work to make actionable. FINRA's ATS data is fully free but comes as CSV files with no analysis. Meridian's free dark pool scanner normalizes this data into Z-scores and DPI (Dark Pool Index) readings, making it immediately useful. Paid tools like Unusual Whales, FlowAlgo, and Tradytics offer more features but cost $30–$150/month. For most retail investors, Meridian's free tier with Z-score analysis covers 90% of what you need.

40–50%

Of Bitcoin wallets control over 80% of BTC supply — whale concentration drives market structure

Signal Guide CRYPTO

Crypto Whale Tracking: On-Chain Smart Money Signals

Crypto whale tracking uses on-chain blockchain data to monitor large wallet movements, exchange inflows and outflows, open interest changes, and funding rates to understand where institutional and high-net-worth capital is flowing. Unlike traditional markets, crypto smart money signals are fully transparent on public blockchains — making on-chain analysis one of the most powerful tools available to any investor.

~2%

Tutorial 13F,DARK-POOL,INSIDER

How to Track Institutional Buying: 13F Filings, Dark Pool Data, and Beyond

Institutional buying can be tracked through three primary channels: SEC 13F filings (quarterly, 45-day delay), FINRA dark pool ATS data (daily, statistical anomalies), and Form 4 insider disclosures (within 2 business days). Meridian aggregates all three into a single conviction score, allowing you to surface tickers where multiple institutional sources converge.

2 business days

SEC Form 4 filing deadline for insider transactions

Of all U.S. equity volume trades through dark pools

Signal Guide DARKPOOL

Dark Pool Activity: Tracking Institutional Footprints in Hidden Markets

Dark pools — private trading venues used by institutional investors to execute large block trades without moving the market — account for approximately 15% of all U.S. equity volume. Tracking unusual dark pool activity alongside options flow direction surfaces where large institutional blocks are trading before that interest becomes visible in public prices. It is a monitoring signal for where sophisticated capital is concentrating, not a guarantee of future returns.

15%

of US equity volume trades in dark pools

Tutorial DARK-POOL

Free Dark Pool Data: Where to Find It and How to Use It in 2026

The best free dark pool data sources in 2026 are FINRA's ATS Transparency Data (weekly aggregate volume), SEC EDGAR block trade filings, and Meridian's free tier which adds Z-score anomaly detection to raw FINRA data. Dark pools account for approximately 40% of all U.S. equity volume according to FINRA 2025 data. Raw volume data is free but requires statistical context to be useful; Z-scores identify which prints are actually anomalous.

40%